Contact nameZhe Xu
Contact emailzhexu22-c@my.cityu.edu.hk
Contact university/companyCity University of Hong Kong
Method's nameSPMD
ReferenceZ. Xu, B. Min, R. Cheung "A Robust Background Initialization Algorithm with Superpixel Motion Detection". submitted to Signal Processing: Image Communication; arxiv.org/abs/1805.06737
Processing time~6 fps for a 320x240 video with C++ code
Code is available onlineTrue
Parameters tau_h=0.2, tau_eh=0.1, epsilon=8, MinPts=4

You can download the background estimation results of this method by clicking here.

Video AGE pEPs pCEPS MSSSIM PSNR CQM
skating 5.3173 0.0399 0.0065 0.9532 29.6621 30.9611
wetSnow 2.5327 0.0019 0.0007 0.9806 36.7512 37.1490
streetCornerAtNight 2.6573 0.0034 0.0026 0.9815 35.8957 36.9644
Hybrid 4.8188 0.0130 0.0007 0.9841 31.4381 31.9055
511 3.6289 0.0239 0.0002 0.9791 30.2787 32.0820
Blurred 1.3573 0.0001 0.0000 0.9979 42.1226 42.1988
CamouflageFgObjects 2.6483 0.0026 0.0000 0.9935 35.7911 36.0937
IntelligentRoom 2.9499 0.0022 0.0000 0.9929 35.3398 35.6629
PETS2006 2.1919 0.0004 0.0000 0.9935 38.6807 38.9381
IPPR2 4.0118 0.0035 0.0003 0.9755 33.5188 33.5967
MPEG4_40 3.7466 0.0141 0.0003 0.9759 32.4271 33.0703
ComplexBackground 6.0323 0.0259 0.0018 0.9846 29.1542 29.8309
fluidHighway 10.1450 0.0392 0.0200 0.9461 26.5356 26.7837
Intersection 2.4460 0.0009 0.0000 0.9904 37.2784 37.7948
I_SI_01 2.0999 0.0016 0.0002 0.9949 38.5868 38.9989
highway 4.4408 0.0181 0.0008 0.9760 30.1816 31.1872
Video AGE pEPs pCEPS MSSSIM PSNR CQM
overpass 7.3011 0.0830 0.0054 0.9044 25.9641 26.9428
canoe 14.4448 0.2611 0.0563 0.6437 20.7109 21.6632
advertisementBoard 2.2313 0.0035 0.0002 0.9823 36.8531 36.1390
fountain01 5.8389 0.0579 0.0117 0.9334 26.0633 27.2522
fountain02 7.0003 0.0559 0.0029 0.9441 27.8540 28.7534
fall 22.6528 0.2897 0.0966 0.7444 15.8033 16.8956
Video AGE pEPs pCEPS MSSSIM PSNR CQM
O_SM_04 5.7525 0.0346 0.0002 0.9709 29.3521 30.3793
boulevard 12.5172 0.1753 0.0352 0.8597 19.7568 21.1713
I_SM_04 3.5434 0.0269 0.0004 0.9863 30.0349 31.0031
I_MC_02 14.6091 0.1721 0.0610 0.7553 18.6946 19.9208
badminton 3.3231 0.0263 0.0059 0.9512 29.5731 30.4652
traffic 7.5812 0.0955 0.0415 0.8818 25.4107 26.4680
O_MC_02 11.7833 0.1517 0.0403 0.8062 21.1783 21.9712
sidewalk 24.3886 0.2955 0.1726 0.4492 15.2494 16.9928
CMU 4.7876 0.0319 0.0003 0.9904 29.8702 30.6172
Video AGE pEPs pCEPS MSSSIM PSNR CQM
Uturn 3.2138 0.0123 0.0041 0.9776 30.5673 31.1752
CaVignal 1.7346 0.0004 0.0000 0.9953 39.5793 39.8918
office 10.3563 0.1019 0.0240 0.9823 26.0346 27.0497
sofa 2.1629 0.0032 0.0017 0.9940 37.2778 37.5754
copyMachine 3.8032 0.0075 0.0010 0.9800 33.0522 33.8668
tramstop 3.0963 0.0078 0.0000 0.9934 34.1985 34.6758
UCF-traffic 1.9972 0.0129 0.0067 0.9643 32.1576 34.5136
streetCorner 8.0446 0.0614 0.0357 0.9070 22.1937 23.3440
AVSS2007 9.2676 0.0762 0.0544 0.8818 21.5274 22.4565
I_CA_01 2.2518 0.0004 0.0000 0.9932 38.4449 38.4955
I_CA_02 3.0858 0.0068 0.0009 0.9888 34.1424 34.6163
Candela_m1.10 1.9919 0.0006 0.0000 0.9965 38.3242 38.1882
I_MB_02 3.4485 0.0088 0.0048 0.9735 28.7346 29.7428
Teknomo 5.2377 0.0245 0.0058 0.9863 27.1579 28.1753
I_MB_01 3.7591 0.0000 0.0000 0.9958 35.4377 36.1288
busStation 3.4925 0.0054 0.0014 0.9820 32.6942 33.3734
Video AGE pEPs pCEPS MSSSIM PSNR CQM
People&Foliage 3.3118 0.0034 0.0005 0.9884 30.4680 30.9554
tramway 8.0951 0.0727 0.0257 0.9065 22.2135 23.8003
Crowded 7.3035 0.0488 0.0355 0.9541 28.1407 29.3376
groupCampus 7.5199 0.0609 0.0307 0.9158 26.9963 28.0877
IndianTraffic3 1.4726 0.0005 0.0001 0.9947 41.4465 42.0710
boulevardJam 2.4504 0.0134 0.0030 0.9657 32.7725 33.8778
HumanBody2 2.8898 0.0039 0.0003 0.9949 33.1174 33.4760
Board 6.9445 0.0392 0.0090 0.9397 28.1466 29.1085
Foliage 2.9464 0.0015 0.0000 0.9969 35.5607 35.7568
ICRA3 6.1626 0.0308 0.0207 0.8866 19.3507 20.4766
UCF-fishes 1.5017 0.0002 0.0000 0.9864 41.9204 43.5426
Video AGE pEPs pCEPS MSSSIM PSNR CQM
I_IL_01 3.7897 0.0274 0.0176 0.9830 31.2082 32.1173
I_IL_02 4.7698 0.0006 0.0000 0.9940 32.7658 33.7094
Dataset3Camera1 2.9129 0.0027 0.0000 0.9928 35.5049 35.9509
CameraParameter 1.2716 0.0002 0.0000 0.9967 43.0391 43.6052
Dataset3Camera2 6.0889 0.0540 0.0129 0.9755 26.9955 28.1438
cubicle 8.0173 0.0483 0.0235 0.9591 23.2731 24.2506
Video AGE pEPs pCEPS MSSSIM PSNR CQM
PedAndStorrowDrive3 2.4974 0.0070 0.0003 0.9947 34.5116 35.2188
PedAndStorrowDrive 6.1814 0.0374 0.0035 0.9742 28.6756 29.7864
BusStopMorning 5.5004 0.0222 0.0004 0.9878 29.6052 30.2736
Terrace 12.5523 0.0703 0.0233 0.9678 25.3617 26.3615
Dataset4Camera1 3.7316 0.0044 0.0000 0.9875 33.4336 33.9573
Video AGE pEPs pCEPS MSSSIM PSNR CQM
Toscana 13.3249 0.1649 0.1257 0.8302 19.6750 20.6217
pedestrians 1.8621 0.0005 0.0000 0.9949 39.0895 39.4971
DynamicBackground 7.8893 0.0716 0.0009 0.9537 27.2398 27.8562
peopleInShade 8.9674 0.0511 0.0204 0.9365 26.2581 27.1557
MIT 5.3691 0.0458 0.0040 0.9662 28.2783 29.4690
snowFall 2.5184 0.0008 0.0000 0.9563 36.8818 37.3186
TownCentre 3.6494 0.0075 0.0006 0.9738 33.4488 33.7711
CUHK_Square 5.1566 0.0440 0.0020 0.9647 28.8594 29.4400
NoisyNight 5.6285 0.0270 0.0032 0.9143 29.4486 30.4983
TwoLeaveShop1cor 4.6513 0.0324 0.0201 0.9320 26.2695 26.9290